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SAP QM ensures product\/process quality across procurement, manufacturing, and delivery. It covers inspections, SPC, quality notifications, audits, and integrations with MM\/PP\/SD\/EWM\/PM.<\/p>\n
Client \u2192 Plant \u2192 Storage Location; quality settings reside in material master (plant-level) and task lists; inspection lots are created per plant context.<\/p>\n
MICs (master inspection characteristics), Sampling procedures, Inspection methods, Inspection plans\/task lists, Catalogs\/code groups\/selected sets, UD codes, DMR, Q-Info records.<\/p>\n
A container for executing quality inspection\u2014links material\/batch\/quantity, references, MICs, samples, results, UD, and stock postings.<\/p>\n
Control key, active inspection types, sampling, DMR, certificate requirement, QM control keys; determine when\/how lots are created.<\/p>\n
Qualitative uses catalogs for codes; quantitative has target, tolerances, units. MIC controls recording method, sampling, SPC relevance.<\/p>\n
Define sample size determination (fixed %, fixed number, DIN\/ISO plans, inspection-by-attributes\/variables). Assigned to MIC\/operation.<\/p>\n
All are task lists. QM uses Inspection Plan (type 03) or references production Routings\/Recipes to bring MICs into the lot.<\/p>\n
Group\/counter, usage, status, operations, inspection characteristics (MIC assignments), methods, sample procedures, inspection points.<\/p>\n
Catalogs (defects, causes, tasks, activities) hold codes grouped for selection; selected sets filter codes for a plant or usage.<\/p>\n
Record measured values\/defect codes per MIC\/sample; supports valuation rules, auto-valuation, attachments, and remarks.<\/p>\n
Final accept\/reject for the lot based on results; triggers stock postings, quality score updates, and optionally QNs.<\/p>\n
Post to unrestricted, blocked, scrap, or return-to-vendor; lot quantity can be split by partial accept\/reject (if configured).<\/p>\n
Unrestricted-use, Quality inspection stock, Blocked stock. Moves include 321 (QI\u2192Unrestricted), 350\/353, 122 (RTV), etc.<\/p>\n
Adjusts inspection scope\/frequency based on quality level history (normal \u2192 reduced \u2192 skip) to optimize effort.<\/p>\n
When quality level is high, lots can be auto-skipped (no RR\/UD) and stock posted directly per DMR rules.<\/p>\n
Inspection type 01 creates lots at GR for PO. Q-Info records control source release\/blocks. COA checks and vendor evaluation feed quality score.<\/p>\n
Inspection type 04; lot from order\/GR. In-process checks via inspection points; final inspection at GR with posting to unrestricted or QI.<\/p>\n
Returns create lots to inspect returned goods; SD integration supports complaint handling via QNs and subsequent postings.<\/p>\n
Vendor\u2013material control object: approval status, validity, blocks, source inspection flags; used in procurement release.<\/p>\n
Pre-delivery vendor inspection creates lots before GR; results\/UD influence GR decision and vendor score.<\/p>\n
Scores vendors on quality (reject rate, complaint count, delivery quality) impacting procurement decisions.<\/p>\n
Inbound\/outbound certificates mapped via certificate profiles and characteristic assignment; checks at GR or delivery.<\/p>\n
Inspection results can update batch characteristics; batch-specific UD and stock postings enable traceability.<\/p>\n
Define where in the process to inspect (e.g., 300 operation, 150 time-based). Record at multiple points within one lot.<\/p>\n
Monitor process capability via control charts for quantitative MICs; support alerts when out-of-control conditions occur.<\/p>\n
Record defects with catalog codes during RR; can auto-create QNs or link to CAPA tasks.<\/p>\n
Central object to manage nonconformities and complaints (internal, customer, vendor) with tasks\/causes\/activities workflow.<\/p>\n
Q1 Internal, Q2 Customer complaint, Q3 Vendor complaint; each with its own screens, catalogs, and action profiles.<\/p>\n
Map 8D steps via tasks\/activities; corrective\/preventive actions tracked to closure with responsibilities and due dates.<\/p>\n
Causes analyze root; tasks define actions; activities document execution. Status drives SLA and escalation.<\/p>\n
QM\u2013PM integration supports equipment calibration via maintenance orders, inspection characteristics, and UD postings.<\/p>\n
Plan periodic inspections for long-term stability lots; schedule samples and evaluate trends over time.<\/p>\n
Plan\/execute audits (supplier, process, system); manage findings, corrective actions, and follow-ups.<\/p>\n
Lots can be generated before GR (inspection in vendor premises) or at GR; choice impacts lead time and warehouse flow.<\/p>\n
Origins define context: 01 PO, 04 order\/production, 03 in-process, 05 over\/under delivery, 08 transfer, 89 no-reference, 11 process order, etc.<\/p>\n
Vendor defect rates, material quality score, inspection backlog, trend charts (SPC), returns analysis; in S\/4 via CDS\/Fiori.<\/p>\n
EWM QI integration creates Q-holds in warehouse; inspection decisions drive putaway, HU status, and follow-up tasks.<\/p>\n
MM (GR\/stock postings), PP (in-process\/final insp), SD (returns\/COA), CO (quality costs), PM (calibration), EHS (specs).<\/p>\n
Fiori apps, embedded analytics, simplified data model, improved aATP & EWM integration, enhanced QN processing and COA handling.<\/p>\n
Record Inspection Results, Make Usage Decision, Manage Quality Tasks, Track Defects, Monitor Inspection Lots, Manage Quality Info Records.<\/p>\n
Inactive inspection type, MIC unit mismatches, missing sampling procedure, wrong plan usage\/status, catalog not assigned to plant\/selected set.<\/p>\n
Typical statuses: CRTD, REL, SPRQ, INSP, SPCO, UD, CLSD; drive allowed actions (RR, UD, postings).<\/p>\n
UD codes (A\/R\/O) derive quality score for vendor\/material; feed DMR and vendor evaluation KPIs.<\/p>\n
UD \u201cReject\u201d posts to blocked\/return; create return-to-vendor (122) with reference; link QN for supplier complaint.<\/p>\n